Prediction of abdominal complication after gastroenterological surgery for gastric and colorectal cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

The postoperative complications in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer has been common but seriously affecting patients' recovery and even their life safety.According to the database of China Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery Union,abdominal infectious complications are the main causes of secondary surgery and postoperative death,which deserve clinical attention.However,the incidence rate of postoperative abdominal infection varies widely from center to center.Due to the lack of nationwide data,it is unable to determine the incidence of abdominal infectious complications reasonably and formulate the corresponding strategies of evidence-based diagnosis and treatment.Therefore,this multi-center prospective cohort study,i.e.prediction of abdominal complication after gastroenterological surgery (PACAGE),aims to investigate the incidence,classification and outcomes of postoperative abdominal infection in patients with gastric or colorectal cancer,to implement the standardization of the complication registration,and to provide necessary data for improving surgical safety,preventing abdominal infection and decreasing the rate of postoperative complications in the future.

Effect of resveratrol on proliferation of CT26 colonic cancer cells / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To investigate the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on proliferation of mouse colonic cancer cells CT26 and its underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: CT26 cells were incubated with 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 μmol/L RSV respectively for 24 h. The effect of RSV on cell proliferation was tested with CCK8 kits. The effect of RSV on cell apoptosis was detected by living cell dye Hoechst 33342. The plasma protein and nucleoprotein of the cells were extracted separately by using the nuclear protein and cell plasma protein extraction kits. And the expressions of apoptosis related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2), PTEN, NF-κB and Akt were detected by Western blotting. Results: RSV inhibited the proliferation of CT26 cells. The inhibitory effect was dose-dependent. Treatment with RSV promoted the apoptosis of CT26 cells. The expression of NF-κB protein in the cell nucleus was downregulated compared to the control cells, and the expression of NF-κB in the cytoplasm was up-regulated in the CT26 cells after 24 h incubation with RSV. In the CT26 cells after 24 h incubation of RSV, the expressions of Bax and PTEN were up-regulated, the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated, and the phosphorylation of Akt protein was down-regulated. Conclusion: RSV can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer cells in mice, which may be associated with Bax, Bcl-2, NF-κB, p-Akt and PTEN.

Resultados precoces y tardíos en resecciones ampliadas en cáncer de colon T4b / Early and late results after multivisceral resections for T4b colonic cancer

Objetivos: Describir las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad postoperatorias de las resecciones ampliadas de colon en pacientes con tumor en estadio T4b. Material y métodos: Serie de casos, que incluye pacientes con adenocarcinoma colónico clínicamente con compromiso de estructuras adyacentes (T4b), intervenidos de resección multivisceral entre los años 2005 y 2014. Fueron excluidos pacientes con metástasis, con bordes macroscópicamente comprometidos y con datos clínicos incompletos. Las variables resultado fueron la morbilidad y mortalidad postoperatorias a los 30 días. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva. Para las variables categóricas se utilizaron porcentajes, y para las variables continuas se utilizaron la media y mediana como medidas de tendencia central y la desviación estándar o rango como medidas de dispersión. Se aplicó el método de Kaplan-Meier para la sobrevida, y pruebas de Chi cuadrado y log-Rank para el análisis de sobrevida por subgrupos. Resultados: De un universo de 483 pacientes intervenidos por adenocarcinoma colónico, 71 fueron T4b. Se aplicaron criterios de exclusión, resultando una muestra de 46 pacientes. Los órganos más frecuentemente comprometidos fueron: intestino delgado, epiplón, pared abdominal y otro segmento colónico. La morbilidad y mortalidad postoperatorias, de un 21,7 y un 6,5%, respectivamente. Influyeron significativamente en la sobrevida la edad, el antecedente de quimioterapia adyuvante, la presencia de inestabilidad microsatelital y la diferenciación del tumor. Conclusiones: El compromiso multivisceral de los tumores colónicos no es infrecuente, con un 9,5% para nuestra serie. La resección R0 es el tratamiento de elección. Influyen en el pronóstico el tipo histológico y el comportamiento biológico del tumor, así como la quimioterapia adyuvante y la edad del paciente.

Aims: To describe postoperative morbidity and mortality rates in multivisceral resections for T4b colon cancer. Material and methods: Case series of patients diagnosed of T4b colonic adenocarcinoma who underwent multivisceral resection between 2005 and 2014. There were excluded those patients who had metastases, R2 resection and incomplete clinical data. Result variables were morbidity and mortality at 30 days. It was performed descriptive statistic using percentage estimation for categories, average and median for continuous variables and standard deviation or rank as measures of statistical dispersion. It was used Kaplan-Meier method for survival and chi-square and log-Rank for subgroups analysis. Results: From a universe of 483 patients who underwent surgery for colonic adenocarcinoma, whom 71 were staged as T4b, after exclusion criteria were applied it resulted a sample of 46 patients. The small bowel, omentum, abdominal wall and other colonic segment were the more often compromised organs. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 21.7 and 6.5% respectively. The age, history of adjuvant chemotherapy, presence of microsatellite instability and tumor differentiation had a significant impact in survival. Conclusions: Multivisceral affection in colonic cancer is not uncommon, 9.5% in our series. R0 resection is the treatment of choice. Patient outcome depends on his age, histologic and biologic characteristics of the tumor and adjuvant treatment.

Reversal of Multidrug Resistance of Human Colon Cancer Cells by Dihydroartemisin / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To investigate the multidrug-resistance reversal action and mechanism of dihydroartemisin (DHA) on human colon cancer cell line HCT8/ADR. Methods The cytotoxicity of dihydroartemisin combined with doxorubicin(DOX) was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay and cell apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry. Western blot assay was used to measure the autophagy. Results The combined treatment with dihydroartemisin and doxorubicin significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity in HCT8/ADR cells and effectively increased the apoptotic level. Autophagy was also induced by the combined treatment , which maybe played a crucial role in the regulation of doxorubicin-sensitization of HCT8/ADR cells. Conclusion The results indicated that dihydroartemisin can reverse multidrug resistance through increasing the doxorubicin-sensitivity of HCT8/ADR cells.

Recombinant Expression of hTFF2 and Its Roles in Migration and Anchorage-independent Growth of Colonic Cancer Cells / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To over-express human trefoil factor 2 (hTFF2) by Escherichia coli system and an-alyze its activities in promoting migration and anchorage-independent growth in SW480 colonic cancer cells. Meth-ods hTFF2 gene encoding mature peptide was obtained by RT-PCR, and the recombinant expression vector pET32a-hTFF2 was constructed. Then pET32a-hTFF2 was transformed into E. coli BL21-32a and TrxA-hTFF2 fu-sion protein was induced to over-express. The expressed product was isolated by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography, purified by dialysis and identified by Western blotting. The activities of the recombinant hTFF2 in promoting SW480 cells migration and anchorage-independent growth were analyzed by MicroChemotaxis Chamber migration assay and Soft-agar assay,respectively. Results The TrxA-hTFF2 fusion protein was expressed to 220 mg/L at high purity. In vitro model demonstrated that recombinant hTFF2 obviously enhanced SW480 cell migration activity and anchor-age-independent growth. Conclusion The recombinant hTFF2 can be expressed in E. coli with high production, purity and biological activities. And its roles in cell migration and anchorage-independent growth suggest that up-regulation of TFF2 in colonic cancer might be involved in cancer invasion and metastases.

Prótesis metálica en paliación del cáncer avanzado del colon / Metal prosthesis for palliation of advanced colon cancer

La colocación de un stent de colon es una nueva herramienta que alcanza dos objetivos: crear un puente para preparar al paciente de forma segura con miras a un procedimiento quirúrgico y / o la paliación definitiva en los casos en que la condición clínica no permite otra intervención. El análisis de costo-beneficio favorece las ventajas de la intervención endoscópica con stent al evaluar los nuevos modelos de prótesis; sin embargo, otros factores deben tenerse en cuenta para adaptar localmente esta intervención como la infraestructura hospitalaria, la necesidad de personal entrenado, el seguimiento y el análisis costo-efectividad. En este contexto, un enfoque multidisciplinario y la aprobación de una Junta Institucional deben asegurarse en todos los casos. Evidentemente, los resultados a corto y largo plazo, así como el un adecuado seguimiento, se verán fortalecidos por el diseño de estudios prospectivos.

The colonic stent placement is a new tool reaching two intends: creating a bridge to prepare the patient safely to the surgical procedure and/or definite palliation in those cases in which the clinical condition is not feasible. The cost-benefit analysis push advantages to the endoscopic assess with new models of stents, however another endpoints should be raised such as Hospital structure, trained nurses, follow up and cost effectiveness conditions according to the regional policy. In this context, a multidisciplinary approach and Institutional review board approval should be stated in all cases. Obviously, short and long term results solidified by a follow up could be designing prospective studies.

Effects of gastrin on NF-κB signaling pathway in human colon cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of gastrin-17 on NF-κB signaling pathway in human colon cancer cells-Colo320WT.Methods All subjects were divided into four groups: control, gastrin-17,gastrin-17+L365,260 (gastrin-17 receptor blocker) and L365,260 group.Concerning gastrin-17 group,Colo320WT cells were treated by gastrin-17 for 12 h.Concerning gastrin-17+L360,265 group, Colo320WT cells were pretreated by L365,260 for 30 min and then were treated by gastrin-17 for 12 h.Concerning L365,260 group,Colo320WT cells were pretreated by L365,260 for 30 min.NF-κB DNA binding activity was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Expressions of uPA protein and mRNA were assayed by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively.Results NF-κB DNA binding activity increased more greatly in the Colo320WT cells stimulated by gastrin than that of the control group. And the expressions of uPA protein and mRNA were up-regulated more markedly than those of the control group. The above responses resulting from gastrin-17 were partly blocked by gastrin-17 receptor blocker, L365,260.Conclusion Gastrin-17 may activate NF-κB signaling pathway in human colonic cancer cells Colo320WT.

Pemphigus vegetans in a patient with colonic cancer.

Pemphigus vegetans is a rare variant of pemphigus vulgaris characterized by vegetating plaques in the flexural regions. The coexistence of pemphigus vegetans and internal neoplasm is rare, being described only in four cases in the literature. We report the case of a patient with a typical skin eruption of pemphigus vegetans, who was detected with colonic cancer.

Clinical observation of fluorouracil implanting to abdominal cavity during operation of advanced colonic cancer patients / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To explore the safety of fluoreuracil implanting to abdominal cavity during operation of advanced colonic cancer patients, search for new approach for preventing from local relapse of colonic cancer. Methods Divide 60 patients accepting radical colonic cancer surgery into 2 groups, treating group and control group. Treating group are implanted of fluorouracil along the wounded surface of tumor and draining path of lymph nodes. To observe the curing of wounded surface, stomal leak ,wound infection, intestinal obstruction and hospital day. Results There is no significant differences between treating group and control group in stomal leak,wound infection, intestinal obstruction and hospital day (P>0.05). Conclusion It is safe to implant fluoruuracil during radical colonic surgery, which is an effective path of regional chemotherapy after operation.

Inhibitory Effect of Octritide Combined 5-Fluorouracil on the Proliferation of Human Colonic Cancer Cell Line SW480 / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the inhibitory effects of octritide alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil on the proliferation of human colonic cancer cell line SW480.METHODS:MTT assay was used to detect the absorbance after treatment with octreotide at different concentrations(10-7～10-10 mol?L-1) alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil on the proliferation of SW480 cells,then the inhibition ratio on SW480 cells was derived.RESULTS:At a concentration of 10-10 mol?L-1,octreotide exhibited a highest inhibition ratio on colonic cancer cell line SW480,at a concentration lower than 10-12 mol?L-1,octreotide had no inhibitory effect on the growth of colonic cancer cell line SW480.The antiproliferative effect of octritide and 5-fluorouracil on SW480 cells was significantly stronger when used in combination than used alone(P

Characteristics of Early Colon Cancer in Korea / 대한소화기내시경학회지

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently, early detection and treatment of early colon cancer (ECC) has increased, and the concept of de novo carcinogenesis of colon cancer was introduced. However there were few studies in Korea. So we tried to find the incidence of ECC and the possibility of de novo colon cancer (DCC) in Korea. METHODS: From Jun 1995 to Jun 2003, 3072 patients who first treated as colon cancer at Samsung Medical Center were enrolled. We selected ECC by medical record review, and pathologic slides and endoscopic photos were reviewed to evaluate the underlying tissue of cancer focus and morphologic characteristics of ECCs. ECC was defined as the cancer confined to mucosa or submucosa, and DCC was defined as the cancer lesser than 1 cm but had no adenoma component. RESULTS: The 192 patients (6.3%) had 196 cases of ECC. The ratio of mucosal and submucosal (SM) cancers was 36.7%:63.3%. The protruded type was the most frequent type (82.1%). The depressed type was the smallest (12.9+/-6.3 mm), in size and 100% showed and SM involvement. It has significantly higher rate of the cancer without underlying adenoma component (57.1%, p<0.001). The DCC were 6 cases and all were SM cancer and had 3 cases of protruded and depressed type each other. CONCLUSIONS: The most common shape of ECC was protruded type. However, depressed type was smaller and had higher rate of SM involvment and no adenoma component around the cancers. And we found some of DCC although the frequency was very low.

A Study on the Effects and Mechanism of Arsenic Trioxide in Inducing Apoptosis of Colonic Cancer Cell Line / 中国医师杂志

Objective To explore the effects and molecular mechanisms of arsenic trioxide(As 2O 3) in inducing apoptosis of colonic cancer cell line SW480. Methods The morphologic changes and apoptotic rate of SW480 cells induced by As 2O 3 were observed with fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. The bcl-2 and Fas expressions induced by As 2O 3 in SW480 cells were examined by immunohistochemical method. Results 24 hours after exposed to As 2O 3, SW480 cells exhibited typical morphologic changes of apoptosis, the apoptotic rate of which was 2.1%～10.6%. A typical subdiploid peak before G 1 phase was observed by flow cytometry, and As 2O 3 mainly acted in G 2/M phase. As 2O 3 decreased bcl-2 expression and increased Fas expression in SW480 cells. Conclusion As 2O 3 could induce apoptosis of SW480 cells. The molecular mechanism of As 2O 3-induced apoptosis of SW480 cells might be down-regulating the bcl-2 expression and up-regulating the Fas expression.

Evaluation of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Carbohydrate199 (CA199) Determination in Recurrence After Radical Colonic Cancer Surgery / 中国医师杂志

Objective To study the clinical values of CEA,CA199 in predicting recurrence of colonic cancer.Methods Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was used to measure serum CEA and CA199 in 60 colonic cancer recurrence patients and 60 non-gastrointestinal patients.Results The serum CEA and CA199 levels in colonic cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group (P

The value of MR imaging in the diagnosis of colonic carcinoma / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the MR imaging findings of colonic carcinoma and the diagnostic value of MRI. Methods Multi-planar and multi-sequence MRI scanning, before and after contrast enhancement, were performed in 40 patients with colonic cancer. The patients were fasted for 12 hours, prepared with clean clysis or senna at night before study, given 10 mg of anisodamine 10 minutes before study, and then infused with 800～1 000 ml physiological saline immediately before study by anus. Dukes staging and resectability evaluation were made in 32 patients before surgery and meanwhile the results were compared with pathology. Results Colonic anatomy and surrounding organs were clearly demonstrated on MRI in 40 patients with colonic cancer, particularly in recta and sigmoid flexure. The tumours showed iso-intensity on T 1WI, iso-intensity or slight high-intensity signal on T 2WI, and high-intensity signal on SPIR. Remarkable enhancement was seen in 35/40 (87.5%). Invasion of surrounding organs occurred in 8/40(20.0%)and MRI revealed 6; Meanwhile, MRI revealed lymph node metastasis in 8 out of 12 cases. 32 patients were regarded as resectable before surgery, and 8 patients as unresectable. Four patients were overestimated, the accuracy of preoperative evaluation for the resectability was 87.5%, and the detecting rate of colonic cancer was 100.0%. Conclusion MRI can clearly show the colonic wall thickness, anatomic structure and surrounding anatomy. For the diagnosis of colonic cancer, MRI can not only demonstrate all its morphologic features, such as mass, thickened wall, and invasion of adjacent organs, but also swollen lymph node and metastasis in abdominal cavity. MRI is very helpful in the diagnosis, staging, and respectability evaluation of colonic cancer.

Treatment outcome of colon cancer at VietNam-Germany Hospital during 5 years (1994 - 1998)

Subject: 232 patients with colon cancer. The disease is more likely to occur after 40 years old. Male to female ratio is similar. Diagnosis and treatment is made in advanced stage of disease. More than 70% of patients have disease progress duration from 4 to 12 months. About 40% patients manifested intestinal occlusion or sub occlusion at presentation. According to DUKES classification: A: 0%; B : 52.2%; C: 33.6% and D 14.2%. Tumor at right colon accounted for 50.4% and at left colon accounted for 35%. The most common place is sigmoid colon (26.3%). Histopathological findings showed that adenocarcinomas is 95.2%. The death rate is 4.7%. 3.4% of patients have dehiscence of the anastomosis. Averall 5 year survival is 38.1% after operation

Some observations about the endoscopic diagnosis of colon cancer

This prospective study was conducted with 159 patients of colon cancer who underwent an endoscopy and an operation at the Hospital K in Hanoi. Most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain -81.8%, change of rectal habit- 74.2%, large bowel obstruction-12.6%. The symptoms were lasting for 10.7 months. Rigid endoscopy was performed on 11.3% of patients; and flexible on 88.7%. A majority of tumors -55.99%, were detected in sigmoid colon, 25.9% were necrotic tumors. Synchronous polyps were found in combining with 23.3% of tumors. Endoscopic accuracy reached to 96.9%. In conclusion, endoscopy is the method of choice for detecting the colon cancer

Effects of gastrin on NF-?B signaling pathway in human colon cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of gastrin-17 on NF-?B signaling pathway in human colon cancer cells-Colo320WT. Methods All subjects were divided into four groups: control, gastrin-17,gastrin-17 + L365,260 ( gastrin-17 receptor blocker) and L365,260 group. Concerning gastrin-17 group,Colo320WT cells were treated by gastrin-17 for 12 h. Concerning gastrin-17+L360,265 group,Colo320WT cells were pretreated by L365,260 for 30 min and then were treated by gastrin-17 for 12 h. Concerning L365,260 group,Colo320WT cells were pretreated by L365,260 for 30 min. NF-?B DNA binding activity was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Expressions of uPA protein and mRNA were assayed by Western blot and RT-PCR,respectively. Results NF-?B DNA binding activity increased more greatly in the Co-lo320WT cells stimulated by gastrin than that of the control group. And the expressions of uPA protein and mRNA were up-regulated more markedly than those of the control group. The above responses resulting from gastrin-17 were partly blocked by gastrin-17 receptor blocker,L365,260. Conclusion Gastrin-17 may activate NF-?B signaling pathway in human colonic cancer cells Colo320WT.

FIBEROPTICAL COLOSCOPY IN 922 PATIENTS WITH LOWER GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE / 解放军医学杂志

Lower gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding with different causes was studied with fiberoptic coloscopy in 022 patients,and the endoscopic features were discussed.Of the 922 cases,colonic polyps were identified in 354 cases (38.4%),and neoplastic polyps in 10 (5.36%).in which villous adenomas was the most common,accounting for 47%.Large intestinal cancers were diagnosed in 134 cases (14.5%) and inflammatory bowel disease in 50 cases (5.4%).The etiology of the bleeding also included infectious diseases in colon,such as tuberculosis,amebiasis,schistosomiasis,idiopathic solitary colonic ulcer.Rarer causes of the lower GI hemorrhage included di-verticulum,hemangioma and trichuriasis.

Adrenoceptor and endothelin receptors of artery isolated from colonic cancer / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To study the contraction of artery in colonic cancer.Methods Arteries in the cancer part and the cancer ambient part of patients with colonic cancer,the concentration-contractile curves induced by the noradrenaline(NA),sarafotoxin 6c(S6c) and endothelin-1(ET-1) in cumulative application were recorded by myograph.Results The E_(max) and pD_(2)of normal colonic artery contraction induced by NA were(97?19)% and(5.94)?0.17.The E_(max)and pD_(2) of contraction in colonic cancer artery was lower than that in cancer ambient artery(P0.05)).Conclusion The ?-adrenoceptor and ET_(A) receptor are main receptors mediating contraction in colonic cancer artery.